l      gather round; gather in; gather up; gather from

Ø gather round表示“聚集在……周围”、“聚集在一起”。

Ø gather in表示“收获?庄稼　”。

Ø gather up表示“收拾起来”、“抱起来”。

Ø gather from表示“从……推测”、“从……推想”，后面与that－clause连用。

［练］

①I ＿＿＿＿ her letter that she is very happy now．

②The students in our class ＿＿＿＿ Mr Wang．

③You'd better ＿＿＿＿ your books and put them away．

④The farmers ＿＿＿＿ the wheat now．

⑤All the workers ＿＿＿＿ him and asked him what was wrong with him at all．?

(Key: ①gather from  ②gathered round  ③gather up  ④are gathering in  ⑤gathered round)

 l   get away (from); run away (from);escape (from);flee (from)这几个词均可表示“逃”，但含义有别：Ø escape指安全地“逃走或跑掉”，强调结果；Ø get away from及run away from表示“逃”的动作或行为，含有动作快速而敏捷之意，多用于口语中；Ø flee强调“逃”这一动作急促或迅速，不强调结果。选用时根据上下文的含义来定。如： The bird has escaped from the cage．那只鸟逃出鸟笼了。 He ran away／got away／escaped from the fire．他从火灾中逃出来了。 He fled (from) the burning house．他从燃烧的房子中逃出。 Ø 另外，表示“从某处抽身”，一般用get away from。如： I’m afraid she can’t get away from the meeting． 我恐怕她很难从会议中抽身。  l   give up； give in； give out Ø give up指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主动放弃，可用作及物动词，跟名词或v－ing作宾语；也可作不及物动词；Ø give in指不再坚持自己的行为或观点等，而按别人的要求去做，一般作不及物动词；Ø give out意为“用完；耗尽；体力不支”，是不及物动词。例如：

①The wind was strong and the waves were big，so he had to give up attempting／his attempt to swim the channel．风急浪高，他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算。

②All the girls finished the race except two who gave up half way．

除有两个中途放弃外，?其它所有的姑娘都跑完了比赛的全程。

③As neither of the two sides would give in，the agreement fell through．

由于双方都不肯让步，所以没能达成协议。

④After a long journey，my strength gave out and couldn’t walk any farther．

走了很长的路，我已筋疲力尽，再也走不动了。

 l       glance; stare; glare

Ø 这组动词都与“看”有关。glance意为“匆匆一瞥”，是不及物动词，其后必须接介词at, over等才可以接宾语。如：

1) He glanced at his watch．他匆匆看了一下手表。

2) She glanced down the list of names． 她由上而下匆匆地看了一下名单。

Ø stare意为“凝视”，它也是一个不及物动词，其后通常接介词at才能接宾语。如：

She stared at him in surprise．她惊讶地瞪着他看。

He was staring out to the sea． 他凝目眺望大海。

Ø glare意为“怒视；瞪眼”，也是不及物动词，其后要接介词at后才能接宾语。如：

They stood glaring at each other．他们互相怒目而视地站着。

l   go on to do sth；go on doing sth．；go on with sth．这三个短语都有继续做某事的意思，但在含义上有所不同。 Ø go on to do sth．表示“接着做另一件事”，即接下去做与原来不同的一件事；Ø go on doing sth…表示“继续不停地做某事或间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”；Ø go on with sth．表示“间断后继续做原来没有做完的事”，其后一般接代词作宾语。通常情况下，go on doing sth．和go on with sth．可互换。例如： After they had read the text，the students went on to do the exercises． 读完课文后，学生们继续做练习。 The students went on talking and laughing all the way． 一路上学生们一直有说有笑。 After a rest，we went on with our lesson（＝After a rest，we went on having our lesson．）． 休息以后，我们继续上课。

Ø habit指个人的“习惯”，通常用于表示做事、思考问题或行为举止的不自觉的方式方法

That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.

这证明是我的失败，因为我不久就回到在电视屏幕前打瞌睡的坏习惯去了。

Ø practice 既可表示个人的也可表示社会的“习惯”，这种“习惯”从性质上看是一种反复不断的或是有选择性的行为或者方法

On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat——the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.

在另一方面，一想到用动物油煎马铃薯，你便会作呕。然而在许多北欧国家里，这是为大家接受的通常习惯。

She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open,yet following her general practice she had shut them before going out.

她慢慢地走进厅堂，并且立刻发现所有的房门都是开着的。但是按照她自己的一般习惯，她在外出前总是把门全部关好的。

Ø custom 具有 habit 和 practice 的一切含义，此外，custom 还包含这样一层意思：长期而广泛采用的行为或方法，即风俗习惯，按照某地区人们共同生活及其行为的准则或规范，它不仅有指导意义，而且具有必须遵循的意义

Don't be a slave to custom.          不要做风俗习惯的奴隶。

From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour.

一个人从诞生的那一时刻起，他降生后所处的风俗习惯便给他的阅历和行为定型。

Ø convention 其实是其他3个词的近义词，它的含义为：固定的或公众一致承认的行事或表达思想的方法

They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.

他们不顾社会习俗，并未意识到自己在做些与众不同的事。