l hand down;hand in;hand over;hand out ; by hand ;hands up
Ø hand down作“把……传下来”解。例如:
…knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.
……他们的知识,生活习惯以及人们所怀念的事情,都是由他们的祖先传下来的。
The story was handed down from one generation to another.这个故事世代相传。
Ø hand in为“把……交上来” 、“交给”、“递交”之意。例如:
Time is up.Hand in your examination papers.时间到了,请把试卷交上来。
Ø hand over作“转交”或“移送”解。例如:
Please hand over this money to XiaoZhou.请将这笔钱转交小周。
The thief was handed over to the police.小偷已被移送到公安机关了。
Ø hand out为“散发”之意。例如:
When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers.
我赶到教室时,老师已开始分发试卷了。
Ø hands up表示“举起手来”;Ø by hand表示“用手”、“手工”,是介词短语,作方式状语。
[EXERCISES]
①This toy was made . ②After class, you must . ③If you have any questions to ask,please . (Keys:①by hand ②hand in ③hands up) your homework
l have sb.do sth.;have sb./sth.doing sth.;have sth.done Ø have sb.do sth.为“使(让、请)某人做某事”之意,其中作宾补的不带to的不定式只表示发生过某事。例如: The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让男孩背对着父亲站着。 Ø have sb./sth.doing sth.为“让某人(某事)一直做某事”之意,其中作宾补的现在分词表示保持或一直存在的状态。例如: The two cheats had their lights burning all night long. 两个骗子让灯整夜地亮着。 Although the farm is large,my dad has only two men working for him. 虽然农场大,但我爸爸只雇了两人为他(一直)干活。 Ø have sth.done 有两层含义和用法: *其一,作“(有意地)让他人为自己做某事”解,即过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成,而宾语是过去分词所表示动作的承受者或动作对象。例如: I’ll have a new suit made of this cloth. 我要用这种布料做一套新衣服。 *作“(无意识地)让某人(或某物)遭受不幸”解。例如: He had his handbag stolen. 他的手提包被人偷了。
l hear of/ hear from/ hearØ hear of表示“听人说起”、“听说过”,侧重于间接听说;Ø hear from表示“收到……的来信”、“收到……的来电”,后面接指人的名词或代词;Ø hear表示“听见”、“听到”,后面接名词、代词或宾语从句。
[EXERCISES]
①I . ②I . ③I . ④Can you ? (Keys:①heard ②hear from ③heard of ④hear) some birds singingher death last weekmy brother twice a monththat our team won
l holiday(holidays),leave, vacation 这三个词都有“假日(期)”的意思,但含义用法并不相同。
Ø holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”
Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 我和汤姆准备去度假。
I've already had my holidays this year. 我今年已经度过假了。
During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car.
在瑞典度假期间,我在我的车子上发现了这张字条。
Postcards always spoil my holidays. 明信片总是弄得我过不好假日。
My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends.
我的假日过的很快,但是我一张明信片也没有寄给朋友。
注:have a (或one's)holiday 度假,during a holiday 在一次假期中。这种用法的holiday 总用单数形式,但并不只是“一天”假。 复数形式的holidays 泛指“假日”,如summer holidays 暑假。但“Sunday is a holiday ”中的holiday 却是“一天”的假。
Ø leave 指“请假”,被批准后离开自己的工作的一段时间
He stays at home on sick leave. 他请了病假呆在家里。
He asked for a six months' leave. 他请了6个月的假。
Ø vacation 在英国指大学的寒暑假或法定不工作的日子,美国可指任何假日(期)
The students are planning how to spend their summer vacation.
这些大学生在计划着怎样过暑假。
Mr. Fuller is on vacation now. 费勒先生在度假。
l honour homage reverence deference Ø 都含“尊敬”、“敬意”的意思。
Ø honour 指“普遍承认或钦佩某人的人格、事迹等因而受到的尊敬”, 如:
in hono(u)r of the martyred dead 向死难烈士致敬。
Ø homage 指“以诚恳恭敬的态度表示敬意” 如:
They bowed in homage to the Unknown Soldiers. 他们向无名烈士墓鞠躬致敬。
Ø reverence指“崇敬”, 如
He held her in reverence. 他崇敬她。
Ø deference指“听从长者、上司、或值得尊重的人表现出的尊敬”, 如:
Do you treat your parents and teachers with deference? 你对父母师长尊敬吗?
l hurt; injure; wound; cut Ø hurt为普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害(可被badly, slightly, seriously等修饰),也可指精神上、感情上的伤害(被very much/rather/deeply修饰),多指伤痛。如:
I hurt my leg badly in the football match.在那场足球赛中,我的腿受了重伤。
He felt rather hurt at your words.你的话使他很难过。
Ø injure比hurt正式,主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等,强调功能的损失。如:
A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。
Ø wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口、伤疤或战场上受伤。也可指人们精神上的创伤。如:
The thief wounded him with a knife.那小偷用刀刺伤了他。
You have wounded his pride.你伤害了他的自尊心。
Ø cut指无意中造成的轻伤。如:
How did you get that cut on your hand﹖你手上的伤口是怎么弄的?
I
l identical,alike,resemble Ø identical adj.指同一个人或物时,表示“同一的”,可以与same互换。在描写两个或两个以上人或物时,表示“完全一样的”。Ø alike adj.常作表语,表示在外表、性格或品质等方面几乎相同。Ø resemble v.指看起来象。
A.After the earthquake the city ___ a battle field.
B.The interests of both parties mayn ot be ____,but they do overlap considerably.
C.You and your father don’t look very much ____.
D.This gun is ____ to the one which the murderer used.
Answers: A. resembled B. identical C. alike D. identical