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高考核心词汇辨析500例 05

2009-06-30浏览量:4732次

l      blame; scold
blame“责备;责怪,指某人应对自己不好的行为负责(常与for连用),或将某件不好的事情归咎于他人(常与onupon连用),往往含有把自己当作评判人来评判某事,没有用言语来进行责骂的意思。例如:
He blamed Tom for the failure.              他责怪汤姆造成了失败。
Don't blame it on him, but on me. 别怪他,该怪我。
Ø scold“责骂,指唠唠叨叨地数说某人,多用于上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的责骂。例如:
Don't scold the child.It's not his fault. 不要责骂那孩子,这不是他的过失。
I hate to scold, son, but you mustn't stay out so late at night.
我不喜欢斥责,孩子,可你不该呆在外面那么晚不回家。
l   blow down; blow in; blow off; blow over Ø blow down表示“吹倒”、“刮倒”;blow in表示“吹进”、“吹入”;blow off表示“吹掉”、“炸掉”、“发泄”;blow over表示“?暴风雨 吹散”、“过去”、“结束”。
[EXERCISES]
1) The high winds yesterday _____ thousands of trees. 2) We sometimes had quarrels, but they soon _____. 3) I had my hat ____ by the wind. 4) A lot of dust ____.You must clear it away. Key: 1) blew down  2) blew over  3) blown off   4) has blown in
 
l      break up; break down; break out; break into; break in; break away; break through
Ø break up表示打碎变坏分解终止破裂
Ø break down表示瓦解分解失败出故障破坏拆毁
Ø break out表示爆发突然发生
Ø break into表示强行进入闯入破门而入打断(谈话、讨论)突然……起来
Ø break in表示闯入打断插嘴,其中in是副词。
Ø break away表示脱逃脱离突然离开革除戒除,常与from连用。
Ø break through表示战胜突围穿过……而出现突破
[练]
①He said his computer _____.
②Those old cars will be ____ for scrap(废铁).
③Last night somebody ____ Mr Brown's house and took away many things.
④A fire ____ after we had gone home.
⑤The boy often ____ while his parents are speaking.
⑥You must ____ from bad habits.
⑦After the heavy rain the sun ____ the clouds.
⑧A thief ____ and stole a lot of things last night.
⑨Tom ____the motor bike which he bought five years ago.
⑩The ice began to ____ on the river.
(Key:①had broken down   ②broken up   ③broke into   ④broke out   ⑤breaks in 
⑥break away   ⑦broke through   ⑧broke in   ⑨broke down   ⑩break up)
 l      bring on;bring in;bring out
Ø bring on 使发生;引起;端上(饭菜)。如:
Tom often brings on meals and his brother,Jim picks up the dishes after meals.
汤姆常常端上饭菜,(而)他弟弟吉姆饭后收拾碗碟。
The sudden cold weather brought on his cold again. 天气突然变冷,使他再次感冒。
Ø bring in 引来;引进;吸收。如:
His new business brings in 1,000 dollars. 他的新生意使他赚了一千美元。
We also brought in some words from English. 我们也从英语中吸收了一些词汇。
Ø bring out 取出;说出;阐明;出版。如:
He brought out his gun and pointed at me.他掏出枪来指着我。
Bring out the meaning more clearly.请把意思讲清楚些。
They have brought out a set of children’s books.他们出版了一套儿童读物。
 l   bring down; bring back; bring up; bring in Ø bring down表示“使倒下”、“减少”、“降低(价格、温度)”;Ø bring back表示“使回想起”、“归还”、“带回来”;Ø bring up表示“呕吐出”、“养育”;Ø bring in表示“把......引进来”、“赚入”、“获利”、“把......拿进来”、“吸收”。
[EXERCISES]
1) Her singing _____ memories of my mother. 2) They also ____ some words from their own languages. 3) The wind ____ a number of trees. 4) He _____ all he had eaten. 5) Can you try to get them to ____ the price﹖ 6) All library books must be ____ before June 25. 7) Mr White ____ $500 a week. 8) You must manage to _____ the temperature. Key: 1) brings back    2) brought in      3) brought down      4) brought up      5) bring down     6) brought back    7) is bringing in    8) bring down  
 l   broad; wide
Ø 两者都表示两边或两点之间的距离都有宽的之意,broad着重某物覆盖面的范围 (如肩、背、胸等的宽),还可表示宽宏大量wide着重指边沿间相隔的距离以及广泛之意。如:
Looking at the new-type camera, the young man with broad shoulders was surprised with his mouth wide open.
看着那个新型相机,那个肩宽背阔的年轻人惊奇得张大了嘴巴。
He’s a broad-minded person; he’ll never be disappointed by such a small failure.
他是个心胸宽广的人;决不会因为那么一次小小的失败而感到失望。
 l      buthoweverØ 这两个连词都有“但是,可是,然而”之意。but连接两个分句或有关部分,表示转折或逻辑上的对比关系,使用最广,口语中更为常见。如:
We love peace but we are not afraid of war.我们热爱和平,但我们并不害怕战争。
Ø however转折意味比but弱,连接的两个分句或有关部分的关系较为松弛,后一部分常起附带说明或衬托作用。however常以插入语形式出现在句子中间,前后用逗号隔开,也可置于句首或句末。如:
Later,however,he decided to go.可是后来他决定去了。
l      by oneselfoneself
Ø by oneselfalonewithout help强调在无他人或他物的情况下无帮助的情况下
Ø oneself作同位语,表示强调本人
试比较:
If you come to my houseI’ll cook for you myself
如果你来我家,我将亲自下厨。(强调亲手为你做饭)
Can you cook by yourself now             你现在能单独做饭了吗?(强调无他人协作)

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