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高考核心词汇辨析500例 13

2009-06-30浏览量:4550次

l      living alive live 意思都含活的
Ø living 用于生物时, 指“活着的”, :
Shelly was still living when Keats died.       济慈死时, 雪莱还在世。
Ø alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重于状态, 它用作表语, 或放有名词或代词后作定语, :
The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day.
特务被活捉, 不过第二天便因重伤而死。
Ø live 只用于物, 指“活的”, :
a live rat一只活鼠。
l   live on; live by Ø live on意为“以……为主食”;“靠……过活”后接表示“食物”、“人”、“收入”等的词。如:
The soldiers lived on wild plants. 那些士兵靠吃野菜为生。
The whole family lived on the earnings of the two sisters.全家靠两姐妹挣钱过日子。
Ø live by意为“靠……(手段)谋生”,后常接表示“获得经济手段”的名词或-ing形式。如:
Writers live by their pens while fishermen live by fishing. 作家靠笔谋生而渔夫以捕鱼为生。
l      luggage; baggage
Ø 两者都表示行李,均是不可数名词。luggage属英式英语,是随身携带行李的总称;baggage属美式英语,是各种行李的总称。询问行李的多少,用how much引导疑问句;指行李的件数,需与a piece ofan article of连用。例如:
two pieces of luggage/baggage 两件行李
three articles of luggage/baggage 三件行李
How much baggage/luggage does she have?她有多少行李?
M
l   managetry Ø manage to do sth.暗含succeed in doing sth.之意,指“(经过努力和克服困难之后)将某事做成”,即经过努力达到了目的,重点在于结果,后接动词不定式,不接v-ing。例如: He managed to finish the work in time. 他总算按时完成了任务。 Do you think you can manage to get us some tickets? 你看能想办法给我们搞几张票吗? Ø try to do sth.指“设法或试图”做某事,强调要做某事或尽力做某事(但不一定成功)。例如: She will try to learn English. 她要设法学会英语。 Try not to be late again. 注意别再迟到了。 Ø try doing sth.的意思是“(用某种方法)试一试或试试看”,指“试”的方法或方式,看看情况会怎样或结果是否满意。例如: Try knocking at the back door if nobody answers you at the front door. 如果前门没人应,试着敲敲后门。 He tried sending her flowers,but it didn’t have any effect. 他试着给她送花,但无济于事。
l       meetmeet with Ø meet可作“遇见”、“迎接”解。Ø meet with表示“遇见”、“碰到”时,常含有“偶尔”的意思(=come across,come upon)。此外,meet with还可表示“遭遇”或“经历”的意思。在美国英语中,meet with还可以表示“会见”。
1) I often meet her on the street.
2) She said she had to go to the station to meet her uncle.
3) I have met with this word many times in my reading.
4) You should not lose heart when you meet with difficulty in learning a foreign language.
5) The department head met with her in his office.
 l       meeting conference gathering party Ø meeting可以用于两人或多人,表示偶然的或拟定的,短暂的或持续的聚会。它的用途很广,可用于日常普通场合,也可用于特殊的或官方的正式场合。如:
The students had a class meeting last Friday.
The summit meeting of the state heads came to an end two days later.
Ø conference指专门性的正式会议,常用于就某个重大问题进行专门研究或交换意见的讨论会、协商会等。如:
Many reporters came to attend the press conference.
The annual conference of geologists will be held in Chicago this year.
Ø gathering一般指非正式的集会,常用于群众性的活动(像联欢会等)。如:
A public gathering was held in Zhongshan Park on May Day.
Ø party指社交性或娱乐性的集会。如:
Mary and I were invited to Jane’s birthday party the other day.
Mr.Brown gave a dinner party last Thursday.
 l      merely; only; just
Ø 这三个词作副词表示仅、只可以换用,并且都放在它们所修饰的成分之前,merely的用法较正式。如:
    Instead of answering,she merely/only/just smiled.     她没有作答,只是微笑而已。
    She’s come here just/only/merely to see you.                     她来这里只是为了看你。
Ø 作形容词时, only表示仅有的mere表示仅仅的、单单的just意为公正的。如:
a just man 光明正大的人
   They were the only people who had the keys. 只有他们有钥匙。
    Mere words won’t help.     光说(不做)无济于事。
N
l   none/nobody (no, one)/nothing Ø none既可指人又可指物,意为“没有任何人或物;一个人也没有”,后可跟of短语连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数均可。例如:
—Have you bought any clothes?你买衣服了?
—None.一件也没买。
None of us has/have been to Macao.我们没有一个人去过澳门。
Ø no one=nobody,只能指人,意为“没有人”;nothing只能指物,表示“没有什么(东西)”。它们不可与of短语连用,作主语时谓语动词只能用单数。例如:
Nobody(No one)likes to lose money,does he?谁也不喜欢丢钱,对吗?
There's nothing in the bag.口袋里什么也没有。

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